He invited to his court prominent Greek poets, artists, philosophers and scientists. Dionysius tried to turn Syracuse into a cultural center. The success of Syracuse contributed to the influx of new immigrants from Greece to Sicily, which allowed the founding of new cities-Tindaris, Gadranon, etc. The power of Dionysius extended over the entire southwestern tip of Italy, up to and including the Isthmus of Scylla, and after the subjugation of Croton, further north, to the Cratis River. The empire of Dionysius included most of the Greek cities of Magna Graecia and vast lands inhabited by local tribes. He also set about establishing colonies on the Adriatic coast. Having successfully ended the war in Sicily, Dionysius launched his expansion in Southern Italy. As mercenaries, Dionysius recruited not only Greeks, but also Celts, Libyans, Italians, Iberians, and Siculs. the people who were the mainstay of his power. He also recruited a select bodyguard corps of 10,000. Dionysius, in difficult times, enlisted even slaves in the army, giving them freedom. Having consolidated his power and subjugated all the polis institutions, Dionysius set about building a strong army, which by the end of his reign had reached an enormous size. But after further defeats from the Carthaginians, the young and ambitious Dionysius came to power in Syracuse, overthrowing democracy and establishing his own tyranny. The Syracusans rushed to the aid of the defenseless colonies in Campania - Cumae and Capua-to repel the invasions of the Samnites and Etruscans.
The democratic system of Syracuse was quite strong and allowed Syracuse to stand against the Carthaginians and Etruscans. After the death of Hieron, a democratic form of government is established in Syracuse (the influence of the descendants of the Athenians is strong).
None of the other cities, not even rich Taras, can challenge the leadership of Syracuse. The leadership of Syracuse over the other Hellenic colonies is obvious: population, wealth and an impressive fleet. On the islands of the Tyrrhenian Sea, Hiero conducted active colonization. Gelon's brother, Hieron, resettled the inhabitants of Catana and Naxos in Leontines, on their territory he organized a new settlement - Enna, populating it with Syracusans and immigrants from the Peloponnese. Syracuse became known throughout the Greek world as the new home.
#MAGNA GRAECIA SALERNUM SERIES#
The tyrant of Gel and Syracuse-Gelon won a series of impressive victories over the Carthaginians, and gladly accepted refugees from Hellas. At the time of the Greco-Persian Wars, the largest city of Magna Graecia was Syracuse. The Persian satraps ruled over northern Hellas, as well as in other regions of the empire - relatively autonomously. General Mardonius was appointed satrap of Greece, and he tried to establish contact with the local nobility. After the burning of Athens, Xerxes considered the goals of the war satisfied and left for Persia. Themistocles, had he survived the Battle of Salamis, managed to give a second chance to Hellenic culture by sailing with the remnants of the Athenians to Sicily. North of the isthmus, the Satrapy of Hellas was created by Xerxes. The Peloponnese Peninsula retained its independence, and became a de facto Spartan hegemony. The Persians, meanwhile, defeated the forces of the Greek polis and stopped at the Isthmus of Corinth. A whole wave of migrants from mainland Greece headed towards Sicily and Magna Graecia. It became obvious to Themistocles that under such conditions, the war was lost and the Athenian triremes organized a mass exodus to the Italian colonies. The hastily assembled Panhellenic flotilla once again eluded the battle with the Persians. The eloquence and subterfuge of Themistocles were not enough to persuade the Hellenes to fight at Salamis. When the fleet of Xerxes approached the Falerian harbor, and a huge Persian army appeared on the shore, the Greeks decided to flee.
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